How Neuroblastoma Escapes the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
Neuroblastoma employs a variety of tactics to evade the immune system (Table 14.2). It downregulates "immune-activating" while overexpressing "immune-inhibitory" receptors. By repressing the expression of class-I and class-II MHC (Lampson et al. 1983) as well as CD1d (Metelitsa et al. 2001), they interfere with both the afferent and efferent arms of adaptive immune response. In addition, NB cells can avoid immune recognition and destruction by releas
|
Modulated Ags |
Escape mechanism used by NB | |
|
Adaptive immunity T cells |
0MHC Class I 0Adhesion |
0ß2m, 0TAP1,0TAP2,0LMP2,0LMP7* 0ICAM2,0ICAM3,0LFA3 |
|
Innate immunity NK cells NKT cells Complement |
0Activation Tinhibition 0Activation Tinhibition ^Inhibition |
0MICA (cytoplasmic), 0MICB (cytoplasmic) (Raffaghello et al.2004) Soluble MICA (Doubrovina et al. 2003; Raffaghello et al. 2004) 0CD1d CD46, TCD59 |
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